max-block-size

{{CSSRef}} 

The max-block-size CSS property specifies the maximum size of an element in the direction opposite that of the writing direction as specified by {{cssxref("writing-mode")}} . That is, if the writing direction is horizontal, then max-block-size is equivalent to {{cssxref("max-height")}} ; if the writing direction is vertical, max-block-size is the same as {{cssxref("max-width")}} .

The other dimension’s maximum length is specified using the {{cssxref("max-inline-size")}}  property.

This is useful because the max-width is always used for horizontal sizes and max-height is always used for vertical sizes, and if you need to set lengths based on the size of your text content, you need to be able to do so with the writing direction in mind.

Any time you would normally use max-height or max-width, you should instead use max-block-size to set the maximum “height” of the content (even though this may not be a vertical value) and max-inline-size to set the maximum “width” of the content (although this may instead be vertical rather than horizontal). See writing-mode examples, which show the different writing modes in action.

{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/css/max-block-size.html")}} 

Syntax

/* <length> values */
max-block-size: 300px;
max-block-size: 25em;
max-block-size: anchor-size(--myAnchor self-inline, 250px);
max-block-size: calc(anchor-size(width) / 2);

/* <percentage> values */
max-block-size: 75%;

/* Keyword values */
max-block-size: none;
max-block-size: max-content;
max-block-size: min-content;
max-block-size: fit-content;
max-block-size: fit-content(20em);

/* Global values */
max-block-size: inherit;
max-block-size: initial;
max-block-size: revert;
max-block-size: revert-layer;
max-block-size: unset;

Values

The max-block-size property’s value can be any value that’s legal for the {{cssxref("max-width")}}  and {{cssxref("max-height")}}  properties:

• {{cssxref("<length>")}} 
  • : Defines the max-block-size as an absolute value.
• {{cssxref("<percentage>")}} 
  • : Defines the max-block-size as a percentage of the containing block’s size in block axis.
• none
  • : No limit on the size of the box.
• max-content
  • : The intrinsic preferred max-block-size.
• min-content
  • : The intrinsic minimum max-block-size.
• fit-content
  • : Use the available space, but not more than max-content, i.e. min(max-content, max(min-content, stretch)).
• fit-content({{cssxref(“<length-percentage>”)}} )
  • : Uses the fit-content formula with the available space replaced by the specified argument, i.e. min(max-content, max(min-content, argument)).

How writing-mode affects directionality

The values of writing-mode affect the mapping of max-block-size to max-width or max-height as follows:

[!NOTE] The writing-mode values sideways-lr and sideways-rl were removed from the CSS Writing Modes Level 3 specification late in its design process. They may be restored in Level 4.

[!NOTE] The writing modes lr, lr-tb, rl, rb, and rb-tl are no longer allowed in {{Glossary("HTML")}}  contexts; they may only be used in {{Glossary("SVG")}}  1.x contexts.

Formal definition

{{cssinfo}} 

Formal syntax

{{csssyntax}} 

Examples

Setting max-block-size with horizontal and vertical text

In this example, the same text (the opening sentences from Herman Melville’s novel Moby-Dick) is presented in both the horizontal-tb and vertical-rl writing modes.

Everything else about the two boxes is identical, including the values used for max-block-size.

HTML

The HTML establishes the two {{HTMLElement("div")}}  blocks that will be presented with their {{cssxref("writing-mode")}}  set using the classes horizontal or vertical. Both boxes share the standard-box class, which establishes coloring, padding, and their respective values of max-block-size.

<p>Writing mode <code>horizontal-tb</code> (the default):</p>
<div class="standard-box horizontal">
  Call me Ishmael. Some years ago—never mind how long precisely—having little or
  no money in my purse, and nothing particular to interest me on shore, I
  thought I would sail about a little and see the watery part of the world. It
  is a way I have of driving off the spleen and regulating the circulation.
</div>

<p>Writing mode <code>vertical-rl</code>:</p>
<div class="standard-box vertical">
  Call me Ishmael. Some years ago—never mind how long precisely—having little or
  no money in my purse, and nothing particular to interest me on shore, I
  thought I would sail about a little and see the watery part of the world. It
  is a way I have of driving off the spleen and regulating the circulation.
</div>

CSS

The CSS defines three classes. The first, standard-box, is applied to both boxes, as seen above. It provides standard styling including the minimum and maximum block sizes, font size, and so forth.

After that come the classes horizontal and vertical, which add the {{cssxref("writing-mode")}}  property to the box, with the value set to horizontal-tb or vertical-rl depending on which class is used.

.standard-box {
  padding: 4px;
  background-color: #abcdef;
  color: #000;
  font:
    16px "Open Sans",
    "Helvetica",
    "Arial",
    sans-serif;
  max-block-size: 160px;
  min-block-size: 100px;
}

.horizontal {
  writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
}

.vertical {
  writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}

Result

{{EmbedLiveSample("Setting_max-block-size_with_horizontal_and_vertical_text", 600, 850)}} 

Specifications

{{Specifications}} 

Browser compatibility

{{Compat}} 

See also

• The mapped physical properties: {{cssxref("max-width")}}  and {{cssxref("max-height")}} 
• Setting the other direction’s maximum size: {{cssxref("max-inline-size")}} 
• {{cssxref("writing-mode")}}