rotateZ()

{{CSSRef}}

The rotateZ() CSS function defines a transformation that rotates an element around the z-axis without deforming it. Its result is a {{cssxref("<transform-function>")}} data type.

{{EmbedInteractiveExample("pages/css/function-rotateZ.html")}}

The axis of rotation passes through an origin, defined by the {{ cssxref("transform-origin") }} CSS property.

Note: rotateZ(a) is equivalent to rotate(a) or rotate3d(0, 0, 1, a).

[!NOTE] Unlike rotations in the 2D plane, the composition of 3D rotations is usually not commutative. In other words, the order in which the rotations are applied impacts the result.

Syntax

The amount of rotation created by rotateZ() is specified by an {{cssxref("<angle>")}} . If positive, the movement will be clockwise; if negative, it will be counter-clockwise.

rotateZ(a)

Values

a
- : Is an {{ cssxref("<angle>") }} representing the angle of the rotation. A positive angle denotes a clockwise rotation, a negative angle a counter-clockwise one.

Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^2	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^2	Cartesian coordinates on ℝ^3	Homogeneous coordinates on ℝℙ^3
This transformation applies to the 3D space and can't be represented on the plane.		$\left( \begin{array}{ccc} \cos(a) & -\sin(a) & 0 \\ \sin(a) & \cos(a) & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$	$\left( \begin{array}{cccc} \cos(a) & -\sin(a) & 0 & 0 \\ \sin(a) & \cos(a) & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \end{array} \right)$

Formal syntax

{{CSSSyntax}}

Examples

HTML

<div>Normal</div>
<div class="rotated">Rotated</div>

CSS

div {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background-color: skyblue;
}

.rotated {
  transform: rotateZ(45deg);
  background-color: pink;
}

Result

{{EmbedLiveSample("Examples", "auto", 180)}}

Specifications

{{Specifications}}

Browser compatibility

{{Compat}}

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