viewBox

{{SVGRef}} 

The viewBox attribute defines the position and dimension, in user space, of an SVG viewport.

The value of the viewBox attribute is a list of four numbers separated by whitespace and/or a comma: min-x, min-y, width, and height. min-x and min-y represent the smallest X and Y coordinates that the viewBox may have (the origin coordinates of the viewBox) and the width and height specify the viewBox size. The resulting viewBox is a rectangle in user space mapped to the bounds of the viewport of an SVG element (not the browser viewport). When an SVG contains a viewBox attribute (often in combination with a preserveAspectRatio attribute), a transform stretches or resizes the SVG viewport to fit a particular container element.

Elements

You can use this attribute with the SVG elements described in the sections below.

<marker>

For {{SVGElement('marker')}} , viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <marker> element.

<pattern>

For {{SVGElement('pattern')}} , viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the pattern tile.

<svg>

For {{SVGElement('svg')}} , viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <svg> element.

<symbol>

For {{SVGElement('symbol')}} , viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <symbol> element.

<view>

For {{SVGElement('view')}} , viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <view> element.

Examples

html,
body,
svg {
  height: 100%;
  vertical-align: top;
}
svg:not(:root) {
  display: inline-block;
}

The code snippet below includes three {{SVGElement("svg")}} s with different viewBox attribute values and identical {{SVGElement("rect")}}  and {{SVGElement("circle")}}  descendants creating very different results. The size of <rect> is defined using relative units, so the visual size of the square produced looks unchanged regardless of the viewBox value. The radius length {{SVGAttr("r")}}  attribute of the <circle> is the same in each case, but this user unit value is resolved against the size defined in the viewBox, producing different results in each case.

<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" />
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white" />
</svg>

<svg viewBox="0 0 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" />
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white" />
</svg>

<svg viewBox="-5 -5 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" />
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white" />
</svg>

{{EmbedLiveSample("Examples", '100%', 200)}} 

The user units of r="4" are resolved against the viewBox sizes, creating dramatically different circle sizes. The exact effect of the viewBox attribute is influenced by the {{ SVGAttr("preserveAspectRatio") }}  attribute.

[!NOTE] Values for width or height lower or equal to 0 disable rendering of the element.

Specifications

{{Specifications}}